Obstetrics and 4-D Ultrasounds
Ultrasound technology was first introduced in obstetrics about thirty years ago. In obstetrics, standard ultrasound machines produce a two-dimensional image of a developing fetus. It is used to obtain measurements, detect any abnormalities, and to determine gestational age. However, with a 2-D ultrasound machine, the image is usually grainy and it requires a qualified physician or sonographer to identify different parts of the body or problems. One of the undeniable advantages to 3-D and 4-D ultrasound imaging is that it provides patients and doctors with multi-planar images. While 3-D ultrasound scans are capable of showing 3-dimensional images, there is a delay in regard to time.
By contrast, a 4-D ultrasound machine provides health care professionals and patients with advantages that 2-D and 3-D ultrasounds do not offer. First, it provides a three-dimensional, more detailed image that clearly shows facial features and can show movements of the fetus in real- time. Soon-to-be parents can get a much clearer photographic image of what their child will look like. In fact, the video images that are captured are similar to those that are taken with a video camera. The ability to see movement as it is happening makes it easier to diagnose heart or spinal cord abnormalities, and respiratory problems. In addition, if there is a need to extract liquid from the fetus for diagnostic purposes, 4-D technology is more precise in pinpointing the exact location.
Currently, the most common reason a 4-D ultrasound is ordered by an obstetrician is to detect suspected abnormalities having to do with the internal organs of the fetus. 4-D ultrasound machines offer physicians better quantitative tools to assist with diagnosis, treatment and management of fetal healthcare. While 4-D ultrasound machines are still not common, they are beginning to make progress moving into routine clinical medical practices.
